Disputes over liability claims remain one of the most significant sources of cost and complexity in the P&I market. This session explores the key causes of disagreement, including collisions, cargo damage, pollution incidents, personal injury and contractual liability claims.

Panellists will examine trends in disputes, highlighting areas where liability is frequently contested, such as causation, contributory negligence, limitation of liability and policy interpretation. The session will also discuss the challenges these disputes present to P&I clubs and the International Group, including aggregation of losses, coordination with reinsurers and cross-jurisdictional legal issues.

Practical approaches to dispute management will be addressed, including early intervention strategies, structured claims handling, arbitration mechanisms and lessons learned from recent high-profile cases. Attendees will gain actionable insights into reducing exposure, mitigating escalation and resolving complex liability claims efficiently while maintaining robust coverage standards.